Сангийн сайдын 2013 оны 73 тушаал "Төсвийн санхүүжилтийн болон зарцуулалтын эрхийн тухай, Төсвийн захирагчийн төсөвт зохицуулалт хийх журам"

Улсын төсөвт байгууллага, төсвийн шат шатны захирагч, тэдгээрийн төсөв, санхүү, бүртгэл тооцоо хариуцсан мэргэжилтнүүдийн өдөр тутмын хэрэгцээт журмыг нэг батлагдлаа.

2013 оны 73 гэж л цээжилчихсэн байх байх даа удахгүй....

Tusuvt zohitsuulalt-hiih-juram cc2013-73 from Munkh Orgil

MIcrosoft ийхон хүртэл мэддэггүй алдаанууд - Сонирхолтой л юм

1. "Энэхүү гайхлыг анх Энэтхэгчүүд олж мэдсэн гэнэ шүү. Энэ дэлхийн хаана ч ямар ч компьютер ашиглаад хэн ч CON нэртэй фолдэр үүсгэж чадахгүй гэнээ. Энэ инээдтэй сонин тохиолдлыг Microsoft -ын бүхэл бүтэн баг тайлбарлаж чадаагүй гэнээ. Үүнийг та ч гэсэн оролдоод үзээрэй" гэнээ.

Энэтхэгүүд олсон гэнээ. Тэгвэл би дахиад хэдийг шинээр олох уу? Та хэзээ ч CON, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3, LPT1, LPT2, LPT3 гэж фолдер үүсгэж чадахгүй... Ичихгүй бол шинэ алдаа оллоо гэж Microsоft руу илгээгээд мөнгө нэхээрэй.

Харин одоо Microsoft ийн гавалууд тайлбарлаж чадахгүй байгаа уг алдарт харь гаригийханы бэлэгийг би тайлбарлая.


Эхлээд нэгэн зүйлсийг мэдэх нь зөв болуу. Таны ашиглаж буй Windows үйлдлийн систем наанаа GUI буюу График интерфэйстэй (хүмүүс ажиллахад амарчлах гэж) боловч цаанаа DOS мэтийн shell дээр ажиллаж байдаг. Жишээ нь та PC гээ унтраах даа Start > Shutdown гэдэг байх. Энийг Windows биелүүлэхдээ shutdown -s -f -t 00 гэсэн коммандыг shell дээр хийдэг. Итгэхгүй бол Start > Run дээр cmd.exe гэж бичин DOS SHell ийг гаргаж ирээд дээрх коммандыг бичээд үз.

Тэгвэл CON фолдер дээрхтэй яаж холбогдох вэ. Маш энгийнээр хэлбэл Dos ийн Copy буюу хуулах командад Con гэсэн параметр оролцдог. Тийм учираас хэрвээ ийм фолдер үүсвэл түүнийг хуулах үед алдаа гарна. Тэгээд л Con фолдер үүсгэхийг хүчээр хориглосон. Уг BUG буюу Windows ийн алдаа WIndows98 аас засарсан тул тэрнээс өмнөх хувилбар дээр CON фолдер үүсгэж болно.

Гэхдээ би Windows98 хойш бүрэн засагдсан гэж хэлж чадахгүй. Учир нь би хүссэн үедээ CON фолдер үүсгэж чадна.

Үүсгэх:

1. DOS руу ор. (Start > Run дээр cmd.exe гэж бичээд Enter дар)
2. MD \\.\C:\CON гэж бичээд ENTER дар. (MD буюу Make director нь фолдер үүсгэх комманд)

Буцаагаад устгах:

1. RD \\.\C:\CON гэж бич. (Remove Director нь фолдер устгах комманд)

2.Windows үйлдлийн системтэй хүмүүс доорхыг туршаад үзээрэй.

• Эхлээд хоосон notepad файл нээгээд
• Түүндээ Bush hid the facts гэсэн үгийг бичээд
• Ямар ч хамаагүй дуртай нэрээрээ хадгалах хэрэгэй
• Үүнийхээ дараа уг файлаа хаагаад буцаагаад нээх хэрэгтэй.

Харж байна уу ? Үүнийг хэн ч тайлбарлаж чадахгүй.

Энэ алдаа бол ямар нэгэн text editor дээр 4, 3, 3, 5 үсэгнээс бүрдсэн 4 үг бичихэд гардаг. Тэрнээс биш дан ганц Bush hid the facts гэж бичихэд биш. Итгэхгүй бол "Bill can not dance", "John has the parts", "this app can break", "Feel the new power", "Love bug bit fayaz" гэх мэт 4 3 3 5 үсэгтэй дурын хослолуудаа бичээд үз.

Тэгвэл энэ алдаа юунаас болдог вэ? Text editor ууд файлаа хадгалахдаа ANSI болон UNICODE оор Encode хийдэг. Тэр үед нь хоосон зайны буюу &160 тэмдэгт орох үед байт шилжүүлэг гэх зүйлд нь алдаа орж тэмдэгт бүрт харгалзаж код нь шал өөр UNICODE оор солигдон хадгалагддаг. Энэ талаар эндээсдэлгэрэнгүй мэдэж болно.

3. "Энэ мөн их л хачирхалтай, сонин тохиолдол шүү. Нөгөөл Microsoft -ын бүхэл бүтэн баг бүүр Bill Gates өөрөө ороод тайлбарлаж чадаагүй гэнэ шүү.

Энэхүү гайхлыг анхлан Бразилчууд олж мэджээ. Үүнийг ч бас туршаад үззэрэй.

Эхлээд Microsoft Word програмаа нээгээд
=rand (200, 99) гэж бичээд ENTER дарах хэрэгтэй.
Харсан биз дээ. Мөн ч сонин шүү !" гэнээ.

Энэ ч бас инээдтэй л зүйл. Office ийн програмуудыг мэддэг хэн ч энийг тайлбарлаж чадах байх. Word нь хэрэглэгчийн ажиллаагааг хөнгөвчилөх олон тооны функцыг агуулж байдаг. Дээрх функц бол докумэнтийг тэмдэгтээр дүүргэж зорилготой функц. Тэгээ л болоо. Хүн гайхаад алмайраад байх юм алга.

Word програмын keyboard shortcuts буюу товчнуудын хослолын жагсаалт

Word 2002, Word 2003, Word 2007 програмд ашиглагддаг товчлуурын хослол буюу shortcut

Бидний ажлыг офисын програмгүй төсөөлөлхийн аргагүй. Харин та тэрхүү програмыг хэрхэн эзэшсэн байгааг энэхүү товчлуурыг хэр ашиглаж байгаагар дүгнэж болно. Учир нь энэхүү товчлууруудын хослол нь ажлыг хөнгөвчлөх хурдасгуур юм.

CTRL+V хослол байхгүй бна гээд төсөөлөөд үзэхэд л ойлгомжтой. 

 Command Name                  Shortcut Keys

 -------------------------------------------------------------------

   All Caps                      CTRL+SHIFT+A                Тухайн үгийг бүгдийг нь том үсгээр бичсэн болгоно

   Annotation                    ALT+CTRL+M                  Тухайн үгэнд тайлбар оруулах  

   App Maximize                  ALT+F10                     Цонхыг том жижиг болгоно

   App Restore                   ALT+F5                     

   Apply Heading1                ALT+CTRL+1                  Тухайн параграфийг Heading1 форматад оруулах

   Apply Heading2                ALT+CTRL+2                  Тухайн параграфийг Heading2 форматад оруулах

   Apply Heading3                ALT+CTRL+3                  Тухайн параграфийг Heading3 форматад оруулах

   Apply List Bullet             CTRL+SHIFT+L                Тухайн өгүүлбэрийн өмнө цэг тавьж өгдөг

  

 Auto Format                   ALT+CTRL+K                 

   Auto Text                     F3 or ALT+CTRL+V

   Bold                          CTRL+B or CTRL+SHIFT+B      Тухайн үгийг тодруулна

   Bookmark                      CTRL+SHIFT+F5               Bookmark хийх

   Browse Next                   CTRL+PAGE DOWN              Дараагийн хуудасны эхэнд курсорыг авч очих

   Browse Previous               CTRL+PAGE UP                Өмнөх хуудасны эхэнд курсорыг авч очих

   Browse Sel                    ALT+CTRL+HOME               Дараад үзээрэй

   Cancel                        ESC

   Center Para                   CTRL+E                      Тухайн параграфийг хуудасны голд зэрэгцүүлэх

   Change Case                   SHIFT+F3                    Тухайнүгний эхний үсгийг том үсэг болгоно, эсвэл тухайн үгний бүх үсгийг томруулах, эсвэл бүгдийг нь жижиг үсэг болгоно.

   Char Left                     LEFT

   Char Left Extend              SHIFT+LEFT                  зүүн тийш нэг үсэгийг сэлэктлэнэ

   Char Right                    RIGHT

   Char Right Extend             SHIFT+RIGHT                 баруун тийш нэг үсэгийг сэлэктлэнэ

    Clear                         DELETE

   Close or Exit                 ALT+F4                      ворд програмыг хаана

   Close Pane                    ALT+SHIFT+C

   Column Break                  CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER

   Column Select                 CTRL+SHIFT+F8

   Copy                          CTRL+C or CTRL+INSERT       хуулах /COPY/

   Copy Format                   CTRL+SHIFT+C                тухайн тэкстийн форматыг хуулж авах

   Paste Format                  CTRL+SHIFT+V                хуулж авсан форматыг тухайн үгэнд шилжүүлнэ

   Copy Text                     SHIFT+F2

   Create Auto Text              ALT+F3

   Customize Add Menu            ALT+CTRL+=

   Customize Keyboard            ALT+CTRL+NUM +

   Customize Remove Menu         ALT+CTRL+-

   Cut                           CTRL+X or SHIFT+DELETE      таслаж авах /CUT/

   Date Field                    ALT+SHIFT+D                 он сар өдрийг оруулж ирнэ

   Delete Back Word              CTRL+BACKSPACE              курсорын өмнөх үгийг устгана

   Delete Word                   CTRL+DELETE                 курсорын хойно орших үгийг устгана

   Dictionary                    ALT+SHIFT+F7                толь бичиг гаргаж ирнэ

   Do Field Click                ALT+SHIFT+F9

   Doc Close                     CTRL+W or CTRL+F4           тухайн докумэнтийг хаана

   Doc Maximize                  CTRL+F10                    тухайн докумэнтийг Maximize хэмжээтэй болгоно

   Doc Move                      CTRL+F7

   Doc Restore                   CTRL+F5

   Doc Size                      CTRL+F8

   Doc Split                     ALT+CTRL+S

   Double Underline              CTRL+SHIFT+D                үгний доогуур 2 давхар зураас гаргана

   End of Column                 ALT+PAGE DOWN

   End of Column                 ALT+SHIFT+PAGE DOWN

   End of Doc Extend             CTRL+SHIFT+END

   End of Document               CTRL+END                    докумэнтийн төгсгөлд курсорыг авч очно

   End of Line                   END                         мөрийн төгсгөлд курсорыг авч очно

   End of Line Extend            SHIFT+END                   курсор байгаа газраас мөрийн төгсгөл хүртэл сэлэктлэнэ

   End of Row                    ALT+END

   End of Row                    ALT+SHIFT+END

   End of Window                 ALT+CTRL+PAGE DOWN          цонхны хамгийн сүүлийн мөрөнд курсорыг авч очно

   End of Window Extend          ALT+CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE DOWN    курсор байгаа газраас цонхны сүүлийн мөр хүртэл сэлэктлэнэ

   Endnote Now                   ALT+CTRL+D                  индэкс үүсгэж хуудасны төгсгөлд тайлбар оруулна

   Extend Selection              F8                          F8 дарчхаад хулганаа өөр газар дарахад тэр хүртэл сэлэктлэнэ, эсвэл олон удаа дарахад үгээр, өгүүлбэрээр, докумэнтийг бүгдийг нь сэлэктлэнэ

   Field Chars                   CTRL+F9

   Field Codes                   ALT+F9

   Find                          CTRL+F                      үг хайх цонх гаргаж ирнэ

   Font                          CTRL+D or CTRL+SHIFT+F      фонт цонх гаргаж ирнэ

   Font Size Select              CTRL+SHIFT+P                фонтны хэмжээг сонгоно

   Footnote Now                  ALT+CTRL+F                  Footnote хийх буюу тоон индэкс хийх

   Go Back                       SHIFT+F5 or ALT+CTRL+Z      курсор байсан өмнөх газраа очих

   Go To                         CTRL+G or F5                Go To

   Grow Font                     CTRL+SHIFT+.

   Grow Font One Point           CTRL+]                      фотын хэмжээг 1 ээр нэмэх /үгийг томруулах/

   Shrink Font One Point         CTRL+[                      фотын хэмжээг 1 ээр хасах /үгийг багасгах/

   Hanging Indent                CTRL+T

   Header Footer Link            ALT+SHIFT+R

   Help                          F1

   Hidden                        CTRL+SHIFT+H

   Hyperlink                     CTRL+K                      Hyperlink хийх буюу үгэнд холбоос хийж өгөх

   Indent                        CTRL+M

   Italic                        CTRL+I or CTRL+SHIFT+I      Italic болгох буюу үгийг налуу болгоно

   Justify Para                  CTRL+J                      Тэкстийг хуудасны хоёр таларуу зэрэгцүүлэх

   Left Para                     CTRL+L                      Тэкстийг хуудасны зүүн таларуу зэрэгцүүлэх

   Line Down                     DOWN

   Line Down Extend              SHIFT+DOWN                  курсор байгаа газраас доош сэлэктлэж эхлэнэ

   Line Up                       UP

   Line Up Extend                SHIFT+UP                    курсор байгаа газраас дээш сэлэктлэж эхлэнэ

   List Num Field                ALT+CTRL+L

   Lock Fields                   CTRL+3 or CTRL+F11

   Macro                         ALT+F8                      макро цонхыг нээнэ. Макро бичнэ

   Mail Merge Check              ALT+SHIFT+K

   Mail Merge Edit Data Source   ALT+SHIFT+E

   Mail Merge to Doc             ALT+SHIFT+N

   Mail Merge to Printer         ALT+SHIFT+M

   Mark Citation                 ALT+SHIFT+I

   Mark Index Entry              ALT+SHIFT+X

   Mark Table of Contents Entry  ALT+SHIFT+O

   Menu Mode                     F10

   Merge Field                   ALT+SHIFT+F

   Microsoft Script Editor       ALT+SHIFT+F11

   Microsoft System Info         ALT+CTRL+F1

   Move Text                     F2

   New                           CTRL+N

   Next Cell                     TAB

   Next Field                    F11 or ALT+F1

   Next Misspelling              ALT+F7

   Next Object                   ALT+DOWN

   Next Window                   CTRL+F6 or ALT+F6

   Normal                        ALT+CTRL+N

   Normal Style                  CTRL+SHIFT+N or ALT+SHIFT+CLEAR (NUM 5)

   Open                          CTRL+O or CTRL+F12 or ALT+CTRL+F2

   Open or Close Up Para         CTRL+0

   Other Pane                    F6 or SHIFT+F6

   Outline                       ALT+CTRL+O

   Outline Collapse              ALT+SHIFT+- or ALT+SHIFT+NUM -

   Outline Demote                ALT+SHIFT+RIGHT

   Outline Expand                ALT+SHIFT+=

   Outline Expand                ALT+SHIFT+NUM +

   Outline Move Down             ALT+SHIFT+DOWN

   Outline Move Up               ALT+SHIFT+UP

   Outline Promote               ALT+SHIFT+LEFT

   Outline Show First Line       ALT+SHIFT+L

   Overtype                      INSERT

   Page                          ALT+CTRL+P

   Page Break                    CTRL+ENTER

   Page Down                     PAGE DOWN

   Page Down Extend              SHIFT+PAGE DOWN

   Page Field                    ALT+SHIFT+P

   Page Up                       PAGE UP

   Page Up Extend                SHIFT+PAGE UP

   Para Down                     CTRL+DOWN

   Para Down Extend              CTRL+SHIFT+DOWN

   Para Up                       CTRL+UP

   Para Up Extend                CTRL+SHIFT+UP

   Paste                         CTRL+V or SHIFT+INSERT              Paste, хуулсан тэкстийг тухайн газар байрлуулна

   Prev Cell                     SHIFT+TAB

   Prev Field                    SHIFT+F11 or ALT+SHIFT+F1

   Prev Object                   ALT+UP

   Prev Window                   CTRL+SHIFT+F6 or ALT+SHIFT+F6

   Print                         CTRL+P or CTRL+SHIFT+F12            хэвлэх команд

   Print Preview                 CTRL+F2 or ALT+CTRL+I               хэвлэхийн өмнөх байдлаар харах, Print Preview

   Proofing                      F7

   Redo                          ALT+SHIFT+BACKSPACE

   Redo or Repeat                CTRL+Y or F4 or ALT+ENTER

   Repeat Find                   SHIFT+F4 or ALT+CTRL+Y

   Replace                       CTRL+H

   Reset Char                    CTRL+SPACE or CTRL+SHIFT+Z

   Reset Para                    CTRL+Q

   Revision Marks Toggle         CTRL+SHIFT+E

   Right Para                    CTRL+R

   Save                          CTRL+S or SHIFT+F12 or ALT+SHIFT+F2

   Save As                       F12                                 өөр нэрээр хадгалах боломж олгоно, Save As

   Select All                    CTRL+A or CTRL+5                    бүгдийг сэлэктлэнэ

   Select Table                  ALT+CLEAR (NUM 5)

   Show All                      CTRL+SHIFT+8

   Show All Headings             ALT+SHIFT+A

   Show Heading1                 ALT+SHIFT+1

   Show Heading2                 ALT+SHIFT+2

   Show Heading3                 ALT+SHIFT+3

   Show Heading4                 ALT+SHIFT+4

   Show Heading5                 ALT+SHIFT+5

   Show Heading6                 ALT+SHIFT+6

   Show Heading7                 ALT+SHIFT+7

   Show Heading8                 ALT+SHIFT+8

   Show Heading9                 ALT+SHIFT+9

   Shrink Font                   CTRL+SHIFT+,

Small Caps                    CTRL+SHIFT+K

   Space Para1                   CTRL+1

   Space Para15                  CTRL+5

   Space Para2                   CTRL+2

   Spike                         CTRL+SHIFT+F3 or CTRL+F3

   Start of Column               ALT+PAGE UP

   Start of Column               ALT+SHIFT+PAGE UP

   Start of Doc Extend           CTRL+SHIFT+HOME

   Start of Document             CTRL+HOME

   Start of Line                 HOME

   Start of Line Extend          SHIFT+HOME

   Start of Row                  ALT+HOME

   Start of Row                  ALT+SHIFT+HOME

   Start of Window               ALT+CTRL+PAGE UP

   Start of Window Extend        ALT+CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE UP

   Style                         CTRL+SHIFT+S

   Subscript                     CTRL+=

   Superscript                   CTRL+SHIFT+=

   Symbol Font                   CTRL+SHIFT+Q

   Thesaurus                     SHIFT+F7

   Time Field                    ALT+SHIFT+T

   Toggle Field Display          SHIFT+F9

   Toggle Master Subdocs         CTRL+\

   Tool                          SHIFT+F1

   Un Hang                       CTRL+SHIFT+T

   Un Indent                     CTRL+SHIFT+M

   Underline                     CTRL+U or CTRL+SHIFT+U

   Undo                          CTRL+Z or ALT+BACKSPACE

   Unlink Fields                 CTRL+6 or CTRL+SHIFT+F9

   Unlock Fields                 CTRL+4 or CTRL+SHIFT+F11

   Update Auto Format            ALT+CTRL+U

   Update Fields                 F9 or ALT+SHIFT+U

   Update Source                 CTRL+SHIFT+F7

   VBCode                        ALT+F11

   Web Go Back                   ALT+LEFT

   Web Go Forward                ALT+RIGHT

   Word Left                     CTRL+LEFT

   Word Left Extend              CTRL+SHIFT+LEFT

   Word Right                    CTRL+RIGHT

   Word Right Extend             CTRL+SHIFT+RIGHT

   Word Underline                CTRL+SHIFT+W

Finding and using keyboard shortcuts For keyboard shortcuts in which you press two or more keys simultaneously, the keys to press are separated by a plus sign (+) in Microsoft Office Word 2007 Help. For keyboard shortcuts in which you press one key immediately followed by another key, the keys to press are separated by a comma (,). Use the keyboard to expand sections To expand all sections of the article, press TAB until Show all is selected, and then press ENTER. Press ENTER again to collapse all sections. To expand just one section of the article, press TAB until that section heading and plus sign are selected, and then press ENTER. Press ENTER again to collapse the section. Search this article  Important   Before you start to search, press TAB until Show All is selected, and then press ENTER. Press CTRL+F. The Search dialog box opens, with the cursor ready for you to type. Type the search text in the box. Press ENTER. Microsoft Office ийн ерөнхий товчлуурууд To do this Press Switch to the next window. ALT+TAB Switch to the previous window. ALT+SHIFT+TAB Close the active window. CTRL+W or CTRL+F4 Restore the size of the active window after you maximize it. ALT+F5 Move to a task pane from another pane in the program window (clockwise direction). You may need to press F6 more than once. F6 Move to a task pane from another pane in the program window (counterclockwise direction). SHIFT+F6 When more than one window is open, switch to the next window. CTRL+F6 Switch to the previous window. CTRL+SHIFT+F6 Maximize or restore a selected window. CTRL+F10 Copy a picture of the screen to the Clipboard. PRINT SCREEN Copy a picture of the selected window to the Clipboard. ALT+PRINT SCREEN To do this Press Move from an open dialog box back to the document, for dialog boxes such as Find and Replace that support this behavior. ALT+F6 Move to the next option or option group. TAB Move to the previous option or option group. SHIFT+TAB Switch to the next tab in a dialog box. CTRL+TAB Switch to the previous tab in a dialog box. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB Move between options in an open drop-down list, or between options in a group of options. Arrow keys Perform the action assigned to the selected button; select or clear the selected check box. SPACEBAR Select an option; select or clear a check box. ALT+ the letter underlined in an option Open a selected drop-down list. ALT+DOWN ARROW Select an option from a drop-down list. First letter of an option in a drop-down list Close a selected drop-down list; cancel a command and close a dialog box. ESC Run the selected command. ENTER To do this Press Move to the beginning of the entry. HOME Move to the end of the entry. END Move one character to the left or right. LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW Move one word to the left. CTRL+LEFT ARROW Move one word to the right. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW Select or unselect one character to the left. SHIFT+LEFT ARROW Select or unselect one character to the right. SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW Select or unselect one word to the left. CTRL+SHIFT+LEFT ARROW Select or unselect one word to the right. CTRL+SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW Select from the insertion point to the beginning of the entry. SHIFT+HOME Select from the insertion point to the end of the entry. SHIFT+END Use the Open and Save As dialog boxes To do this Press Display the Open dialog box. CTRL+F12 or CTRL+O Display the Save As dialog box. F12 Go to the previous folder. ALT+1 Up One Levelbutton: Open the folder one level above the open folder. ALT+2 Deletebutton: Delete the selected folder or file. DELETE Create New Folderbutton: Create a new folder. ALT+4 Viewsbutton: Switch among available folder views. ALT+5 Display a shortcut menu for a selected item such as a folder or file. SHIFT+F10 Move between options or areas in the dialog box. TAB Open the Look in list. F4 or ALT+I Update the file list. F5 Undo and redo actions To do this Press Cancel an action. ESC Undo an action. CTRL+Z Redo or repeat an action. CTRL+Y To do this Press Move to a task pane from another pane in the program window. (You may need to press F6 more than once.) F6 When a menu is active, move to a task pane. (You may need to press CTRL+TAB more than once.) CTRL+TAB When a task pane is active, select the next or previous option in the task pane. TAB or SHIFT+TAB Display the full set of commands on the task pane menu. CTRL+SPACEBAR Perform the action assigned to the selected button. SPACEBAR or ENTER Open a drop-down menu for the selected gallery item. SHIFT+F10 Select the first or last item in a gallery. HOME or END Scroll up or down in the selected gallery list. PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN Close a task pane Press F6 to move to the task pane, if necessary. Press CTRL+SPACEBAR. Use the arrow keys to select Close, and then press ENTER. Move a task pane Press F6 to move to the task pane, if necessary. Press CTRL+SPACEBAR. Use the arrow keys to select Move, and then press ENTER. Use the arrow keys to move the task pane, and then press ENTER. Resize a task pane Press F6 to move to the task pane, if necessary. Press CTRL+SPACEBAR. Use the arrow keys to select Size, and then press ENTER. Use the arrow keys to resize the task pane, and then press ENTER. Access and use smart tags To do this Press Display the shortcut menu for the selected item. SHIFT+F10 Display the menu or message for a smart tag or for the AutoCorrect Options button or the Paste options button. If more than one smart tag is present, switch to the next smart tag and display its menu or message. ALT+SHIFT+F10 Select the next item on a smart tag menu. DOWN ARROW Select the previous item on a smart tag menu. UP ARROW Perform the action for the selected item on a smart tag menu. ENTER Close the smart tag menu or message. ESC Tips You can ask to be notified by a sound whenever a smart tag appears. To hear audio cues, you must have a sound card. You must also have Microsoft Office Sounds installed on your computer. If you have access to the World Wide Web, you can download Microsoft Office Sounds from the Microsoft Office Online Web site. After you install the sound files, do the following in Microsoft Office Access 2007, Microsoft Office Excel 2007, Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007, or Microsoft Office Word 2007: Press ALT+F to open the menu under the Microsoft Office Button, and then press I to open Program Options. Press A to select Advanced, and then press TAB to move to the Advanced Options for working with Program . Press ALT+S twice to move to the Provide feedback with sound check box, which is under General, and then press SPACEBAR. Press TAB repeatedly to select OK, and then press ENTER.  Note   When you select or clear this check box, the setting affects all Office programs that support sound. Quick reference for Microsoft Office Word Common tasks in Microsoft Office Word To do this Press Create a nonbreaking space. CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR Create a nonbreaking hyphen. CTRL+HYPHEN Make letters bold. CTRL+B Make letters italic. CTRL+I Make letters underline. CTRL+U Decrease font size one value. CTRL+SHIFT+< Increase font size one value. CTRL+SHIFT+> Decrease font size 1 point. CTRL+[ Increase font size 1 point. CTRL+] Remove paragraph or character formatting. CTRL+SPACEBAR Copy the selected text or object. CTRL+C Cut the selected text or object. CTRL+X Paste text or an object. CTRL+V Paste special CTRL+ALT+V Paste formatting only CTRL+SHIFT+V Undo the last action. CTRL+Z Redo the last action. CTRL+Y Open the Word Count dialog box. CTRL+SHIFT+G Working with documents and Web pages Create, view, and save documents To do this Press Create a new document of the same type as the current or most recent document. CTRL+N Open a document. CTRL+O Close a document. CTRL+W Split the document window. ALT+CTRL+S Remove the document window split. ALT+SHIFT+C Save a document. CTRL+S Find, replace, and browse through text To do this Press Find text, formatting, and special items. CTRL+F Repeat find (after closing Find and Replace window). ALT+CTRL+Y Replace text, specific formatting, and special items. CTRL+H Go to a page, bookmark, footnote, table, comment, graphic, or other location. CTRL+G Switch between the last four places that you have edited. ALT+CTRL+Z Open a list of browse options. Press the arrow keys to select an option, and then press ENTER to browse through a document by using the selected option. ALT+CTRL+HOME Move to the previous edit location. CTRL+PAGE UP Move to the next edit location. CTRL+PAGE DOWN Switch to another view To do this Press Switch to Print Layout view. ALT+CTRL+P Switch to Outline view. ALT+CTRL+O Switch to Draft view. ALT+CTRL+N Outline view To do this Press Promote a paragraph. ALT+SHIFT+LEFT ARROW Demote a paragraph. ALT+SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW Demote to body text. CTRL+SHIFT+N Move selected paragraphs up. ALT+SHIFT+UP ARROW Move selected paragraphs down. ALT+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW Expand text under a heading. ALT+SHIFT+PLUS SIGN Collapse text under a heading. ALT+SHIFT+MINUS SIGN Expand or collapse all text or headings. ALT+SHIFT+A Hide or display character formatting. The slash (/) key on the numeric keypad Show the first line of body text or all body text. ALT+SHIFT+L Show all headings with the Heading 1 style. ALT+SHIFT+1 Show all headings up to Heading n. ALT+SHIFT+n Insert a tab character. CTRL+TAB Print and preview documents To do this Press Print a document. CTRL+P Switch in or out of print preview. ALT+CTRL+I Move around the preview page when zoomed in. Arrow keys Move by one preview page when zoomed out. PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN Move to the first preview page when zoomed out. CTRL+HOME Move to the last preview page when zoomed out. CTRL+END Review documents To do this Press Insert a comment. ALT+CTRL+M Turn change tracking on or off. CTRL+SHIFT+E Close the Reviewing Pane if it is open. ALT+SHIFT+C Full Screen Reading view  Note   Some screen readers may not be compatible with Full Screen Reading view. To do this Press Go to beginning of document. HOME Go to end of document. END Go to page n. n, ENTER Exit reading layout view. ESC References, footnotes, and endnotes To do this Press Mark a table of contents entry. ALT+SHIFT+O Mark a table of authorities entry (citation). ALT+SHIFT+I Mark an index entry. ALT+SHIFT+X Insert a footnote. ALT+CTRL+F Insert an endnote. ALT+CTRL+D Work with Web pages To do this Press Insert a hyperlink. CTRL+K Go back one page. ALT+LEFT ARROW Go forward one page. ALT+RIGHT ARROW Refresh. F9 Edit and move text and graphics Delete text and graphics To do this Press Delete one character to the left. BACKSPACE Delete one word to the left. CTRL+BACKSPACE Delete one character to the right. DELETE Delete one word to the right. CTRL+DELETE Cut selected text to the Office Clipboard. CTRL+X Undo the last action. CTRL+Z Cut to the Spike. CTRL+F3 Copy and move text and graphics To do this Press Open the Office Clipboard Press ALT+H to move to the Home tab, and then press F,O. Copy selected text or graphics to the Office Clipboard. CTRL+C Cut selected text or graphics to the Office Clipboard. CTRL+X Paste the most recent addition to the Office Clipboard. CTRL+V Move text or graphics once. F2 (then move the cursor and press ENTER) Copy text or graphics once. SHIFT+F2 (then move the cursor and press ENTER) When text or an object is selected, open the Create New Building Block dialog box. ALT+F3 When the building block — for example, a SmartArt graphic — is selected, display the shortcut menu that is associated with it. SHIFT+F10 Cut to the Spike. CTRL+F3 Paste the Spike contents. CTRL+SHIFT+F3 Copy the header or footer used in the previous section of the document. ALT+SHIFT+R Insert special characters To insert this Press A field CTRL+F9 A line break SHIFT+ENTER A page break CTRL+ENTER A column break CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER An em dash ALT+CTRL+MINUS SIGN An en dash CTRL+MINUS SIGN An optional hyphen CTRL+HYPHEN A nonbreaking hyphen CTRL+SHIFT+HYPHEN A nonbreaking space CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR The copyright symbol ALT+CTRL+C The registered trademark symbol ALT+CTRL+R The trademark symbol ALT+CTRL+T An ellipsis ALT+CTRL+PERIOD A single opening quotation mark CTRL+`(single quotation mark), `(single quotation mark) A single closing quotation mark CTRL+' (single quotation mark), ' (single quotation mark) Double opening quotation marks CTRL+` (single quotation mark), SHIFT+' (single quotation mark) Double closing quotation marks CTRL+' (single quotation mark), SHIFT+' (single quotation mark) An AutoText entry ENTER (after you type the first few characters of the AutoText entry name and when the ScreenTip appears) Insert characters by using character codes To do this Press Insert the Unicode character for the specified Unicode (hexadecimal) character code. For example, to insert the euro currency symbol (), type 20AC, and then hold down ALT and press X. The character code, ALT+X Find out the Unicode character code for the selected character ALT+X Insert the ANSI character for the specified ANSI (decimal) character code. For example, to insert the euro currency symbol, hold down ALT and press 0128 on the numeric keypad. ALT+the character code (on the numeric keypad) To do this Press Turn extend mode on. F8 Select the nearest character. F8, and then press LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW Increase the size of a selection. F8 (press once to select a word, twice to select a sentence, and so on) Reduce the size of a selection. SHIFT+F8 Turn extend mode off. ESC Extend a selection one character to the right. SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW Extend a selection one character to the left. SHIFT+LEFT ARROW Extend a selection to the end of a word. CTRL+SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW Extend a selection to the beginning of a word. CTRL+SHIFT+LEFT ARROW Extend a selection to the end of a line. SHIFT+END Extend a selection to the beginning of a line. SHIFT+HOME Extend a selection one line down. SHIFT+DOWN ARROW Extend a selection one line up. SHIFT+UP ARROW Extend a selection to the end of a paragraph. CTRL+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW Extend a selection to the beginning of a paragraph. CTRL+SHIFT+UP ARROW Extend a selection one screen down. SHIFT+PAGE DOWN Extend a selection one screen up. SHIFT+PAGE UP Extend a selection to the beginning of a document. CTRL+SHIFT+HOME Extend a selection to the end of a document. CTRL+SHIFT+END Extend a selection to the end of a window. ALT+CTRL+SHIFT+PAGE DOWN Extend a selection to include the entire document. CTRL+A Select a vertical block of text. CTRL+SHIFT+F8, and then use the arrow keys; press ESC to cancel selection mode Extend a selection to a specific location in a document. F8+arrow keys; press ESC to cancel selection mode Select text and graphics in a table To do this Press Select the next cell's contents. TAB Select the preceding cell's contents. SHIFT+TAB Extend a selection to adjacent cells. Hold down SHIFT and press an arrow key repeatedly Select a column. Use the arrow keys to move to the column's top or bottom cell, and then do one of the following: Press SHIFT+ALT+PAGE DOWN to select the column from top to bottom. Press SHIFT+ALT+PAGE UP to select the column from bottom to top. Extend a selection (or block). CTRL+SHIFT+F8, and then use the arrow keys; press ESC to cancel selection mode Select an entire table. ALT+5 on the numeric keypad (with NUM LOCK off) Move through your document To move Press One character to the left LEFT ARROW One character to the right RIGHT ARROW One word to the left CTRL+LEFT ARROW One word to the right CTRL+RIGHT ARROW One paragraph up CTRL+UP ARROW One paragraph down CTRL+DOWN ARROW One cell to the left (in a table) SHIFT+TAB One cell to the right (in a table) TAB Up one line UP ARROW Down one line DOWN ARROW To the end of a line END To the beginning of a line HOME To the top of the window ALT+CTRL+PAGE UP To the end of the window ALT+CTRL+PAGE DOWN Up one screen (scrolling) PAGE UP Down one screen (scrolling) PAGE DOWN To the top of the next page CTRL+PAGE DOWN To the top of the previous page CTRL+PAGE UP To the end of a document CTRL+END To the beginning of a document CTRL+HOME To a previous revision SHIFT+F5 After opening a document, to the location you were working in when the document was last closed SHIFT+F5 Move around in a table To move Press To the next cell in a row TAB To the previous cell in a row SHIFT+TAB To the first cell in a row ALT+HOME To the last cell in a row ALT+END To the first cell in a column ALT+PAGE UP To the last cell in a column ALT+PAGE DOWN To the previous row UP ARROW To the next row DOWN ARROW One row up ALT+SHIFT+UP ARROW One row down ALT+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW Insert paragraphs and tab characters in a table To insert Press New paragraphs in a cell ENTER Tab characters in a cell CTRL+TAB Use overtype mode To change the overtype settings so that you can access overtype mode by pressing INSERT, do the following: Press ALT+F to open the menu under the Microsoft Office Button, and then press I to open Word Options. Press A to select ADVANCED, and then press TAB. Press ALT+O to move to the Use the Insert key to control overtype mode check box. Press SPACEBAR to select the check box, and then press ENTER. To turn overtype mode on or off, press INSERT. Character and paragraph formatting Copy formatting To do this Press Copy formatting from text. CTRL+SHIFT+C Apply copied formatting to text. CTRL+SHIFT+V Change or resize the font  Note   The following keyboard shortcuts do not work in Full Screen Reading mode. To do this Press Open the Font dialog box to change the font. CTRL+SHIFT+F Increase the font size. CTRL+SHIFT+> Decrease the font size. CTRL+SHIFT+< Increase the font size by 1 point. CTRL+] Decrease the font size by 1 point. CTRL+[ Apply character formats To do this Press Open the Font dialog box to change the formatting of characters. CTRL+D Change the case of letters. SHIFT+F3 Format all letters as capitals. CTRL+SHIFT+A Apply bold formatting. CTRL+B Apply an underline. CTRL+U Underline words but not spaces. CTRL+SHIFT+W Double-underline text. CTRL+SHIFT+D Apply hidden text formatting. CTRL+SHIFT+H Apply italic formatting. CTRL+I Format letters as small capitals. CTRL+SHIFT+K Apply subscript formatting (automatic spacing). CTRL+EQUAL SIGN Apply superscript formatting (automatic spacing). CTRL+SHIFT+PLUS SIGN Remove manual character formatting. CTRL+SPACEBAR Change the selection to the Symbol font. CTRL+SHIFT+Q View and copy text formats To do this Press Display nonprinting characters. CTRL+SHIFT+* (asterisk on numeric keypad does not work) Review text formatting. SHIFT+F1 (then click the text with the formatting you want to review) Copy formats. CTRL+SHIFT+C Paste formats. CTRL+SHIFT+V Set the line spacing To do this Press Single-space lines. CTRL+1 Double-space lines. CTRL+2 Set 1.5-line spacing. CTRL+5 Add or remove one line space preceding a paragraph. CTRL+0 (zero) Align paragraphs To do this Press Switch a paragraph between centered and left-aligned. CTRL+E Switch a paragraph between justified and left-aligned. CTRL+J Switch a paragraph between right-aligned and left-aligned. CTRL+R Left align a paragraph. CTRL+L Indent a paragraph from the left. CTRL+M Remove a paragraph indent from the left. CTRL+SHIFT+M Create a hanging indent. CTRL+T Reduce a hanging indent. CTRL+SHIFT+T Remove paragraph formatting. CTRL+Q Apply paragraph styles To do this Press Open Apply Styles task pane. CTRL+SHIFT+S Open Styles task pane. ALT+CTRL+SHIFT+S Start AutoFormat. ALT+CTRL+K Apply the Normal style. CTRL+SHIFT+N Apply the Heading 1 style. ALT+CTRL+1 Apply the Heading 2 style. ALT+CTRL+2 Apply the Heading 3 style. ALT+CTRL+3 Close the Styles task pane If the Styles task pane is not selected, press F6 to select it. Press CTRL+SPACEBAR. Use the arrow keys to select Close, and then press ENTER. Insert and edit objects Insert an object Press ALT, N, J, and then J to open the Object dialog box. Do one of the following. Press DOWN ARROW to select an object type, and then press ENTER to create an object. Press CTRL+TAB to switch to the Create from File tab, and then type the file name of the object that you want to insert or browse to the file. Edit an object With the cursor positioned to the left of the object in your document, select the object by pressing SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW. Press SHIFT+F10. Press the TAB key to get to Object name Object, press ENTER, and then press ENTER again. Insert SmartArt graphics Press and release ALT, N, and then M to select SmartArt. Press the arrow keys to select the type of graphic that you want. Press TAB, and then press the arrow keys to select the graphic that you want to insert. Press ENTER. Insert WordArt Press and release ALT, N, and then W to select WordArt. Press the arrow keys to select the WordArt style that you want, and then press ENTER. Type the text that you want. Press TAB, and then press ENTER. Mail merge and fields To do this Press Preview a mail merge. ALT+SHIFT+K Merge a document. ALT+SHIFT+N Print the merged document. ALT+SHIFT+M Edit a mail-merge data document. ALT+SHIFT+E Insert a merge field. ALT+SHIFT+F Work with fields To do this Press Insert a DATE field. ALT+SHIFT+D Insert a LISTNUM field. ALT+CTRL+L Insert a PAGE field. ALT+SHIFT+P Insert a TIME field. ALT+SHIFT+T Insert an empty field. CTRL+F9 Update linked information in a Microsoft Office Word source document. CTRL+SHIFT+F7 Update selected fields. F9 Unlink a field. CTRL+SHIFT+F9 Switch between a selected field code and its result. SHIFT+F9 Switch between all field codes and their results. ALT+F9 Run GOTOBUTTON or MACROBUTTON from the field that displays the field results. ALT+SHIFT+F9 Go to the next field. F11 Go to the previous field. SHIFT+F11 Lock a field. CTRL+F11 Unlock a field. CTRL+SHIFT+F11 Function key reference To do this Press Get Help or visit Microsoft Office Online. F1 Move text or graphics. F2 Repeat the last action. F4 Choose the Go To command (Home tab). F5 Go to the next pane or frame. F6 Choose the Spelling command (Review tab). F7 Extend a selection. F8 Update the selected fields. F9 Show KeyTips. F10 Go to the next field. F11 Choose the Save As command (Microsoft Office Button). F12 SHIFT+Function key To do this Press Start context-sensitive Help or reveal formatting. SHIFT+F1 Copy text. SHIFT+F2 Change the case of letters. SHIFT+F3 Repeat a Find or Go To action. SHIFT+F4 Move to the last change. SHIFT+F5 Go to the previous pane or frame (after pressing F6). SHIFT+F6 Choose the Thesaurus command (Review tab, Proofing group). SHIFT+F7 Shrink a selection. SHIFT+F8 Switch between a field code and its result. SHIFT+F9 Display a shortcut menu. SHIFT+F10 Go to the previous field. SHIFT+F11 Choose the Save command (Microsoft Office Button). SHIFT+F12 CTRL+Function key To do this Press Choose the Print Preview command (Microsoft Office Button). CTRL+F2 Cut to the Spike. CTRL+F3 Close the window. CTRL+F4 Go to the next window. CTRL+F6 Insert an empty field. CTRL+F9 Maximize the document window. CTRL+F10 Lock a field. CTRL+F11 Choose the Open command (Microsoft Office Button). CTRL+F12 CTRL+SHIFT+Function key To do this Press Insert the contents of the Spike. CTRL+SHIFT+F3 Edit a bookmark. CTRL+SHIFT+F5 Go to the previous window. CTRL+SHIFT+F6 Update linked information in an Office Word 2007 source document. CTRL+SHIFT+F7 Extend a selection or block. CTRL+SHIFT+F8, and then press an arrow key Unlink a field. CTRL+SHIFT+F9 Unlock a field. CTRL+SHIFT+F11 Choose the Print command (Microsoft Office Button). CTRL+SHIFT+F12 ALT+Function key To do this Press Go to the next field. ALT+F1 Create a new Building Block. ALT+F3 Exit Office Word 2007. ALT+F4 Restore the program window size. ALT+F5 Move from an open dialog box back to the document, for dialog boxes such as Find and Replace that support this behavior. ALT+F6 Find the next misspelling or grammatical error. ALT+F7 Run a macro. ALT+F8 Switch between all field codes and their results. ALT+F9 Maximize the program window. ALT+F10 Display Microsoft Visual Basic code. ALT+F11 ALT+SHIFT+Function key To do this Press Go to the previous field. ALT+SHIFT+F1 Choose the Save command (Microsoft Office Button). ALT+SHIFT+F2 Display the Research task pane. ALT+SHIFT+F7 Run GOTOBUTTON or MACROBUTTON from the field that displays the field results. ALT+SHIFT+F9 Display a menu or message for a smart tag. ALT+SHIFT+F10 CTRL+ALT+Function key To do this Press Display Microsoft System Information. CTRL+ALT+F1 Choose the Open command (Microsoft Office Button). CTRL+ALT+F2